(Image: Engraving on titlepage of Maier, [Tripus aureus], 1618 [X])
Alchemical writers specifically, and much of the medieval occult world in general, employed various forms of imagery in order to obfuscate their writings. In some cases, this intentional misdirection is obvious to modern readers, even if what was being hidden is hotly debated. In other cases, that obfuscation isn’t so clear.
One example of the latter would be Agrippa’s formulations for Planetary Incense. There are various animal parts called for, which may aggravate the modern sensibility, but which are also based on common enough sources that the question lingers: were these intended to be taken literally?
Harold Roth, of Alchemy Works, [suggests not], and points to the Greek Magical Papyri, and the writings of some notable ancient physicians to make his case.
This is not a complete list, as can be inferred from the lack of such things as Brain of a Cat, and Blood of a Stork, but it does help shed light on the way these ancient writers thought. It also gives me hope that other lists might exist as well.
A
Adder’s Tongue: Dogstooth Violet; Plantain
Ass’s Foot: Coltsfoot
B
Bat’s Wing : Holly Leaf
Bat’s Wool : Moss
Bear’s Foot: Lady’s Mantle
Bird’s Eye: Germander, Speedwell
Blood: Elder sap or another tree sap
Blood from a Head: Lupine
Blood from a Shoulder: Bear’s Breeches
Blood of a Goose: Mulberry tree’s sap
Blood of a Hamadryas Baboon: Blood of a spotted gecko
Blood of a Snake: Hematite
Blood of an Eye: Tamarisk Gall
Blood of Ares: Purslane
Blood of Hephaistos: Wormwood
Blood of Hestia: Chamomile
Bloody Fingers: Foxglove
Blue Jay: Bay laurel
Bone of an Ibis: Buckthorn
Brains: Cherry tree gum [this phrase usually designates any fruit tree gum]
Bull’s Blood or Seed of Horus: Horehound
Bull’s Foot: Coltsfoot
Bull’s Semen: Eggs of the blister beetle
C
Calf’s Snout: Snapdragon
Capon’s Tail: Valerian.
Cat: Catnip
Cat’s Foot: Canada Snake Root and/or Ground Ivy
Clot: Great Mullein
Corpse Candles: Mullein
Cuddy’s Lungs: Great Mullein
Crocodile Dung: Ethiopian Earth
Crow Foot: Cranesbill, wild geranium, buttercup
D
Devil’s Dung: Asafoetida
Dog: Couch grass
Dog’s Mouth: Snapdragon
Dog’s Tongue: Hounds Tongue
Dove’s Foot: Wild Geranium
Dragon’s Blood: Resin of Draco palm
Dragon’s Scales: Bistort leaves
E
Eagle: Wild Garlic of Fenugreek
Ear of an Ass: Comfrey
Ears of a Goat: St. John’s Wort
Englishman’s Foot: Common Plantain
Eye of Christ: Germander, speedwell
Eye of the Day: Common daisy
Eye of the Star: Horehound
Eyes: Inner part of a blossom; Aster, Daisy, Eyebright
F
Fat from a Head: Spurge
Fingers: Cinquefoil
Five Fingers: Cinquefoil
Foot: Leaf
Frog: Cinquefoil
Frog’s Foot: Bulbous buttercup
From the Belly: Earth-apple
From the Foot: Houseleek
From the Loins: Chamomile
G
Goat’s Foot: Ash Weed
God’s Hair: Hart’s Tongue Fern
Gosling Wing: Goosegrass
Graveyard Dust: Mullein
Great Ox-eye: Ox-eye daisy
Guts: The roots and stalk of a plant
H
Hair: Dried stringy herbs; ripe male fern
Hair of a Hamadryas Baboon: Dill Seed
Hair of Venus: Maidenhair fern
Hare’s Beard: Great mullein
Hawk: Hawkweed
Hawk’s Heart: Wormwood seed or wormwood crown
Head: Flower of a plant
Heart: Walnut; bud, seed, or nut
Hind’s Tongue: Hart’s Tongue Fern
Horse Hoof: Coltsfoot
Horse Tongue: Hart’s Tongue Fern
J
Jacob’s Staff: Great Mullein
Jupiter’s Staff: Great Mullein
K
King’s Crown: Black Haw
Kronos’ Blood: Cedar
L
Lamb: Lettuce
Lamb’s Ears: Betony
Leg: Leaf
Lion’s Hair: Tongue of a Turnip [i.e., the leaves of the taproot]
Every single person who talks about ‘haha Egyptian curses’ as if they were some supernatural beings (or, possibly, aliens) and not just black people who were good at building owes me $10
*ding ding ding* Spooky PoC culture trope for $500 Alex
like seriously can we get some “I’m scared of the Romans” posts up in here because if ever there were a group of bastards who WOULD put a curse on anything that couldn’t be nailed down…
I was once present when a lead curse tablet was excavated and it was some dude cursing whomever had stolen his favourite cloak. He’d stabbed the lead it many times.
Then there was an addendum that said that he revoked the curse because no one stole it, it was his mother who’d taken it for washing.
and also incredibly practical so WAY less likely to curse you and leave that up to whatever god/karma/crazy random happenstance and far MORE likely to just whack you over the head with a bowl.
I work in a museum featuring the Roman Baths from when the Romans first landed in England in 43 AD and we’ve found lead curses where someone’s stolen their clothes from the apodyterium (changing room) and they hope Sulis Minerva pulls their brains out through their ears.
Romans are dramatic little shits that get upset over the slightest inconvenience.
I looked through the comments, and this one was gold.
Fear the Romans not the Egyptians, kids. FEAR THEM
Well, the single largest collection of ancient magic we found came from Alexandria. But it was also written in Latin, Greek and Coptic, which doesn’t exactly let the Romans off the hook there,
I think the idea of an Egyptian curse has very little do with actual archaeology unfortunately. Partly I think the idea comes from that Ancient Egyptian society is really old and at that time not a lot was known about it, thus making it very mysterious. Secondly I believe most of the people who who where archaeologist in Egypt when the time the curse idea was formed where white British Christians, meaning they where very superstitious. And the bible paints a lot of the sections involving Egypt as a battle between the Hebrew god and the Egyptian gods. Meaning that Egyptian gods taken to be real. Then there is the fact that they mummified their dead, for religious reasons, spooky. And top it all off with Death on the Nile written by Agatha Christie and the original Mummy movie based on those concepts and you have a curse sensation.
I think the reason that the Romans got glossed over as curse nuts is because we knew to much about their society going in and their gods where never taken seriously as a real threat to Christians.
Anyway if people can stop ‘splaining Egypt to me, an Egyptologist, on this post that would be great.
We literally fucking know why that was the POINT. OF. THE. POST.
*DING DING DING*
Egyptologists already know ‘spoopy curses in Ancient Egypt’* is a racist trope please stop explaining it to us
*aside from actual Egyptian curses, which mainly just want you to drown in the Nile or get eaten by a crocodile if you rob a tomb
Also, it’s got nothing to do with Christianity! The populist idea of ‘curses’ in Ancient Egypt came about around 1922 after Howard Carter gave exclusive publishing rights on the tomb of Tutankhamun to The Times, which meant all other papers had to scramble for something to publish. When Carnarvon died of an infected bite, they all screamed ‘CUUUUURRRRSSSEEE’ and that’s how we get to everyone thinking this.
As you’ve doubtlessly noticed, a lot of my magic is largely based in what could be called Folk Catholicism which refers any of of the varieties of ethnic expressions of Catholicism
as practiced in Catholic communities, typically in developing nations.
Practices identified by outside observers as “folk Catholicism” vary
from place to place and sometimes contradict the official teachings and
practices of the Roman Catholic Church. Below is suggested reading for those interested in exploring this multi-faceted aspect of Western religiosity.
Books:
Badone, Ellen, ed. Religious Orthodoxy and Popular Faith in European Society
Bartlett, Robert. Why Can the Dead Do Such Great Things? Saints and Worshippers from the Martyrs to the Reformation
Christian, William A., Jr. Apparitions in Late Medieval and Renaissance Spain.
Graziano, Frank.Cultures of Devotion: Folk Saints of Spanish America
Ingham, John.
Mary, Michael, and Lucifer: Folk Catholicism in Central Mexico
Nutini, Hugo. Todos Santos in Rural Tlaxcala: A Syncretic, Expressive, and Symbolic Analysis of the Cult of the Dead
Articles:
Romero, Nelide. et. al.
From Disease to Holiness: Religious-based health remedies of Italian folk medicine
Sisun, Antonio.
Afflictive Apparitions: The Folk Catholic Imaginary in Philippine Cinema Turner, Paul. Religious Conversion and Folk Catholicism
Religious Literature:
Fitzgerald, Fr. Maurus.
Catholic Book of Prayers
Various. The Raccolta: Or Collection of Indulgenced Prayers
I’m getting Why Can the Dead Do Such Great Things? soon-ish. I’ll try to do a book review once I’m done with it.
The blog All the Saints You Should Know is also a great source for folk Catholicism stuff (though I will warm you that it has a strong focus on the dead). The reading list there is how I heard of Why Can the Dead Do Such Great Things?
The feel when a post about how “newer spells are 95% fake bc spells only work for the creator, except when its “older spells” because they are more tested” has replies like great wisdom! Good post!
Yikes.
(In case you are wondering what the issue is:
1. If you are saying 95% of the spells available today (which includes older spells), only work for the creator, it doesnt matter how old the spell is. It just works for the creator, because the argument in the post is that spells work because it becomes highly personalized.
I personally think “highly personalized” spells are useful when it comes to being inclusive and making the spell easier for the practitioner to match to their specific environmental, mental, and physical needs (ie not having to remember a 50 word chant while standing for 20 minutes holding a lit candle in the middle of the woods, nude)
But that doesnt say anything to me about whether or not that spell is more successful beyond if a spell technique is easy to do for the spell caster the more likely that spell caster is going to choose to do it.
Simply put: people are likely to do things more frequently when it is easy and accessible for then to do those things.
Based on my experience my success rate is not on personalized spells verses other creatoes spells, its based on a myriad of other factors including whether or not the spell is actually achievable.
2. Age = quality, wrt spells argument has been made for years. Yes, newer spells have not been performed as much as older spells might have simply bc they are literally newer. In addition to that, newer spells dont have the people willing to test spells, the same way that others do. A lot of people turn up their noses and dont bother with it. So that means they are guessing that a newer spell doesnt work without actually performing it.
So how can a newer spell become rigorously tested if no one tests it but the creator?
3. In addition to that, how the heck do you know that a spell was rigorously tested by anyone else besides the creator? Just because it is old doesnt mean it was wide spread and in common practice. The argument that age equates to commonality makes me question exactly… how the op thinks spells were shared without the internet? And if the op is discussing say the New Age section? Then thats a very specific influence of magic out of the Wicca brand to Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, rather than the folk magic spells or culturally significant spells in other places. I MIGHT have missed this argument that they made because I noped out of the discussion too early. But the point I am making is valid, the equation of commonality with age is not true. Spell techniques across decades change. Regionally spell ingredients change.
So making it a “exception” to the rule seems strange and like they are trying desperately to cover their ass in a particular corner case that doesnt apply. Because if spells ONLY work for the creator, then what about all the experiences people have with a particular common spell such as some that come from buckland or cunningham. As well as the case that dont go looking into historic magic because the creator is dead and therefore the access to the creator’s ability to cast that spell is dead. It died with them.
Seems like we are trying to fit two beliefs that dont agree with each in a perfect bundle instead of spending time accessing and addressing why a particular subset of spells (ie: newer spells) arent working for you if you are actually performing them (bc if you arent, there is nothing I can help with there. I cant help the spell caster who refuses to cast) . Is it a mindset or a paradigm shift you need to get into? Is it a problem of ingredients? Is it an access issue? Adaption issue? Are the goals of the spells not something that applies to you?
But these questions aren’t limited to newer spells, but in fact all spells can be asked these questions.
This is a post to help streamline the search for decent info during your metaphysical studies. Note that this post is a collection of tips and for the most part is not in any chronological order.
What type of resource should I go for?
I. If you’re looking for: How to do it, Reading about someone’s own personal magic experience, A perspective from the magical side, go for magical books written by magical people
II. If you’re looking for: possible evidence of how it works in the physical world, analyzing a practice from a non-magical standpoint: non-magical sources written by non-magical people
What sources/subjects for what? (For point II above)
Anthropology sources/databases will serve you better than magic books, when researching for traditions/culture-specific paths. They’re less likely to bastardize/butcher things past a certain time period.
Theological books will serve you better than some traditional religion/practice books.
Scientific, Medical, and Psychological sources/databases will serve you better than healing books.
Why not magic books for proof, analyzation, or history?
Magic books WILL cherry pick evidence and case studies/experiments. And often, these experiments will be severely outdated (from the 1900’s), and they will have a meager amount of them; maybe 5 experiments throughout the entire book, while compared to the at least 10-20 of a typical scientific journal. And of course, these 5 experiments will be used as the Ultimate Proof, instead of treated like the coincidental evidence they are.
Their explanations of how the magic/practice works in this physical realm will be “because it’s magic!!”, instead of in science/medical journals where you will get actual possible scientific/notable psychological bases behind it such as neuroplasticity, the applied placebo effect, the impact of human willpower, etc.
As for analyzation….lmao literally what magic books written by a magical person have good analysis. Sarcastic tone aside, I mean this in a legitimate matter; most magical books focus on the practice itself rather than an analyzation of that practice.
As for anthropological books versus magic books, this is because most magic books will not get the history and other anthropological information correct. They do not provide a good scope of the whole of the culture or the history, and there may be a bit of bastardization as well.
When looking for case studies/experiments, these phrases are your friends:
Randomized controlled trial
Double blind
Also check how many times the experiment was cited in others’ experiments/research. Being cited more times, and even continuing to be cited several years into the future shows an excellent experiment with results that are trusted.
For further research into who exactly conducted the experiment, pay attention to the order of the names. Usually the ones listed first will be those who did the most work on the research.
Doing the Research:
When searching, databases with full text will be your friend. Full-text is when a database has the entire copy of a source or portion of a source, rather than only a summary or the abstract. There will often be a checkmark box in the advanced search to show only full-text options.
Reference books/encyclopedias for the most part actually suck ass (sorry britannica); information is usually shallow and not well-researched. At best it could be used to find other sources of information to look at, as they will list the citations.
!!PLEASE DO NOT REUPLOAD THE FULL TEXT TO PUBLIC WEBSITES!! This is why most databases aren’t free; to protect against people pirating.
If you want FREE:
PUBLIC LIBRARIES: Public libraries are your FRIEND. They are public for a reason! Most public libraries in the US will let you get a library card at no cost at all. Borrowing books costs nothing as long as you return them on time. Also, public libraries often have access to databases that do expect you to pay, and provide that database info for free! And to top it off with a touch of morality brownie points, libraries help to support many rising authors as they are often how many previously obscure books break the ice.
University/Academic Libraries: Many universities provide their library services to the public. Like public libraries, they will often have access to the paid databases provided for free! It is usually based on the university’s wi-fi so you shouldn’t need to create an account. Academic libraries also often have a large reference staff on hand; the job of reference staff is to provide research assistance to people and be specialized in a certain subject of information. Meaning, you can totally hit them up for an interview to ask questions about the subject, and/or for research help!
Make friends with students (especially graduate students), professors, or researchers of the subject you want to look into: That’s what friends are for! There’s a good chance they may have had to write a paper (or MANY) on the subject you’re looking into. Even if not, they could point you towards better sources.
Not all sources are made equal:
Some sources fucking suck; they’re inaccurate, don’t have the best wording, aren’t too well researched, or they’re just plain wrong. It’s going to be hard to judge sources when you’re just getting started in your research, but the more you know, the quicker you’ll be able to spot bullshit. Note that you’re going to waste a lot of time initially reading something you later found out was bullshit; that’s okay! Finding out something previous that you read was bullshit shows that you are learning. Plus, as you get a better grasp of what sources are shit and what’s not, you’ll be able to decrease that “wasted time” by a lot- so, it pays to be selective. Of course you should take everything in metaphysical stuff with a grain of salt, but if you’re taking everything as grains of salt, then how do you know which sources are better? The answer is experience and continued research.
Some sources can also be good for certain things, and terrible for others- even though they are both written about in equal measures. Take that into consideration when analyzing a source- perhaps their information on working with fae and other nature spirits is absolutely solid! However, perhaps their information/views on harm by large spirits such as deities, etc, or their views on mundane magic (such as employment spells) is rather…absolutely terrible.
Also. Sometimes you’ll think someone’s the absolute best when you start out in your craft. Hell, they may even be someone who inspired your practice at the beginning. But maybe you’ll come back a few years later, with experience under your belt and realize…they were actually shit the entire time. Hey, it happens. But remember that it shows you’re growing.
Signs of a shit source:
Few/no citations for something that is obviously not their personal practice or something they are the creator of
Author is extremely opinionated but tries to pass their opinions as fact with no sources or poor arguments
For healing magic books, trying to tell you that it’s totally okay to not go to the doctor/therapist, and/or that magic can absolutely replace legit medical assistance or therapy. Or, the author makes outlandish claims such as “I was able to cure someone’s celiac disease (a chronic disease) through my healing touch practice.”
Words that say nothing (and it’s not because of scholarly grammar); signs of this: you read a paragraph like 3 times and nothing sticks, or it doesn’t make sense.
Any form of “you shouldn’t have to X for Y result because I don’t have to X” that is written in a factual/”all people should” tone instead of in a tone reflective of or an article specifically about personal experience
At first something sounds nice, but then think on what the author said, and you go “???” or “sure jan.” Example of this plus the above bullet: “With money spells, everyone puts too much focus on sending out job applications. I don’t think that’s necessary, I’m such a good and wanted employee that employers are literally calling me to ask if I want to work for them!”
Tone matters. While not always, tone can be indicative as quality in certain ways.
Arrogant with no backing tone; the author keeps jacking off to themself- they keep building up how “complex” and “difficult” their Uneeq practice is and then it ends up being something low-level like sending energy
It’s a baby-ish tone that focuses on hurt feelings. Example: I saw some post saying how “we shouldn’t use the term UPG because it leads to hurt feelings.” Uh, no. It’s the inability to handle the disagreement often associated with the term UPG that leads to hurt feelings, not the term UPG itself like lmao grow up, with people like that it doesn’t matter what term you use, disagreement will hurt their feelings anyways
Complains about “over-intellectualizing” in certain ways; tone of this type often disagree about UPG for stupid (not automatically mutually exclusive) reasons. I will write a post about Stupid Reasons UPG Conflicts in the future, but I’ll provide you with a short example for now: Person A: Ummm Spirit Species X looks blue to my. Person B: Uh no they look red!! That means you can’t be working with the same spirit species! (They continue to argue). Actual reason behind it: Spirit Species X has multiple races/ethnicities and countries of origin on their plane, and both individuals jumped to hasty conclusions about the entire race based on the One (1) individual they worked with.
Some examples of shit magic books (with explanations as to why, of course):
Saving Time: You don’t have to read a book/article cover to cover.
You don’t have to. You don’t. Unless the information is extremely cumulative (such as in storybooks), you will almost never have to read the entire book/article. Nonfiction books are generally well-sorted into sections by topic, so as long as you know the general information of the topic you can absolutely skip around and get only what you need.
About Topics
Topics that have little to no historical resources/traditions (if any at all):
Energy work of anything besides humans
Energy work in general that goes beyond “meditate!! Energy balls!”
Energy systems of spirits
Energy Signatures
Energy parasites (as in spiritual energy parasites)
Classifications of energy elements that go beyond the main four (5 if you include “spirit)
Discernment of types of spirits from one another (Note: you’ll likely just find a LOT of ableism and misogyny, especially in texts concerning differentiating angelic possessions versus “demonic”)
Discernment/vetting of spirits in general
Any spirits that aren’t already established in lore
Astral travel (the non golden standard that most people use today)
Actual anthropology of spirits (what their culture is like, what languages they speak, how their children are raised, etc); at best you will find only their mythologies, which represent only a minor portion of the spirit’s population or a single individual that is commonly mistaken for a whole species (The One(1) Minotaur in Greek myth)
Differentiating between varying levels of astral planes
Differentiating between energy system layers (and how they may relate to astral planes)
How humans can be shards/facets of large spirits such as deities, archangels, etc
Ways to repel/defend against Large Spirits that are harming you where the human(s) actually win (so NOT giving them offerings so they leave you alone, which was a trend for more merciless deities)
Biases/Perceptual filters, Discernment/Judgement in general
Energetic/Psychic Vampires (as in humans who are dependent on outside magical energy intake; NOT the spiritual species)
Eldritch spirits (actual working Info about the spirits besides lore)
So for these topics, you will likely be doing most of the writing/discovering yourself; these topics have little to no, if any at all, historical books for them.
Topics that have history but are rarely spoken in-depth (specifics given), or much in-depth knowledge has been lost:
Correspondences (such as herbs, crystals, etc)
Sex magic
Topics that are commonly spoken about but have much contradicting information:
Human energy systems (tip: ime people can have diff energy systems)
Topics that you’ll need to sift through fluffy, incorrect, shallow information, or extremist views for:
Anything involving angels
Chakras
Reiki
Any sort of “healing touch” practice
Empath/Empathic Abilities; also little to no info for how it works energy work wise
How crystals work energy-work wise
Any sort of demonic spirit work (most demon workers vary from extremely fearful/hating of them or revering them as wholly benevolent)
Ars Goetia/Lesser Key of Solomon (in addition to above point, there are some views claiming Every Single One Is Actually Secretly A Deity which…I have opinions on in here)
Topics that are generally oral-tradition, secretive, closed in some form, or people are just overall not willing to disclose:
Soul retrieval
Energy work for the soul
Most forms of shamanism
Most indigenous traditions
Traditional witchcraft (though note some sects are more open than others)
Spiritual Conjuration (as in calling for a specific spirit with a billion protections/filters to make sure you get the right one)
Hereditary Witchcraft
Hedge Witchcraft
Feri traditional witchcraft
Clan of Tubal Cain aka Cochrane tradition of witchcraft
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Current Post Version: 21 December 2017
As with all of my posts, please check the permalink for the most updated version as I do regularly come back and make additions/edits.
A Unverified Personal Experience, or UPE is an experience in which has not been verified, or confirmed by any other source besides the person who experienced it.
Unverified Shared Personal Experience, Shared Personal Experience , USPE, or SPE:
A Unverified Shared Personal Experience, Shared Personal Experience , USPE, or SPE for short is an experience that is experienced by multiple people. This can be experienced at the same time as, or separately of each other.
Confirmed Experience, or CE:
A confirmed experience, or CE for short is when something you have experienced can be proven as true.
Unverified Personal Gnosis, Unsubstantiated Personal Gnosis, or UPG:
A Unverified Personal Gnosis, Unsubstantiated Personal Gnosis, or UPG for short is a personal belief, or individual’s spiritual insight that an individual understands as true, and does not exist in any form in the accepted lore, or any other form of spiritual understanding.These may also be called in some circles MUS meaning Made Up Shit, especially if the UPG is seen as ridiculous, but as you can imagine this is quite a rude way to refer to a UPG.
Unverified Shared Personal Gnosis, Shared Personal Gnosis, USPG, or SPG:
An Unverified Shared Personal Gnosis, Shared Personal Gnosis, USPG, or SPG for short is a belief, or spiritual insight of a group, or community of people that is created co-dependent of, or separately of the group’s members individual UPGs. These UPGs will take form independently of one another, but will all come to the same conclusion, and will eventually meet up to form the USPG.
Confirmed Gnosis, or CG:
A Confirmed Gnosis, or CG for short is something that is seen to be true, and that appears in lore, metaphysics, parapsychology, folklore, mythology, religion, science, or some other paradigm. To be confirmed it must already be a part of the lore, or must be a VPG.
Verified Personal Gnosis, or VPG:
A Verified Personal Gnosis, or VPG for short is a knowledge, belief, or insight that has been verified to be seen as truth, and now is a greater part of spiritual, metaphysical, or occult understanding.
Lore:
Lore is knowledge that is known as true, and is confirmed by a tradition, culture, religion, and/or other form of paradigm. This knowledge has been verified, and is believed to be true by many people.
I periodically (usually once a year) make an updated post of my annotated bibliographies for witchcraft, magick, and divination studies. I recently noticed that I hadn’t done this in a long time!
Since I’ve read a lot of new books in that time, and since many are worth adding, I thought I’d go ahead and post an updated list.
I’ve added just ten new ones this time! Unfortunately, still, it’s getting quite long, so I’m splitting it into two posts – one for divination, and one for magick/witchcraft. I will be tagging both as #long and #long+post because I realize this is pretty extreme in terms of length.
For Absolute Beginners
Encyclopedia of Witchcraft, by Judika Illes. Even better than the Weiser Field Guide to Witches – this book is huge and chock-full of information. It’ll explain in easy-to-understand language how the concept has developed throughout time, why witches do what they do, and different types of witches.
The Weiser Field Guide to Witches, by Judika Illes. This gives an excellent look at the historical lore concerning witches, from the perspective of a witch herself. It’s kind of tongue-in-cheek, but it does have some information that won’t be found elsewhere.
The Modern Guide to Witchcraft, by Skye Alexander. Great book for those who’re really absolute beginners and are wondering what witchcraft is all about. Skye takes a very postmodern, utilitarian, and unfailingly honest approach, and it’s geared towards those of almost any belief system.
Grimoire for the Apprentice Wizard, by Oberon Zell-Ravenheart. Attractively packaged and readible for almost all ages, this is a great (mostly) non-denominational look at the foundations of magical practice. It’s extremely detailed. Some of it only applies to Zell’s own tradition, but it’s quite useful, anyways.
Of Witchcraft and Whimsy, by Rose Orriculum. Written by Tumblr’s own @orriculum, this is one of the best, most modern an no-nonsense Craft introductory books I’ve seen. It’s unabashedly up-to-date and self-aware in its portrayal of the contemporary Craft.
Basic Techniques
Protection and Reversal Magick, by Jason Miller. This gets a little woo-woo at times, but he gives good advice on how to avoid serious problems that can come up as you begin to practice. Take with a grain of salt, though – some of this has the potential to make you feel paranoid.
City Magick, by Christopher Penczak. If you’re at all interested in tech witchery, or just want to practice magick within an urban setting, do check this out. It is by far the best look at the subject I’ve seen, and his discussion of urban tutelary spirits is worth the price alone.
Power Spellcraft for Life, by Arin Murphy-Hiscock. Nicely done, quite secular book providing basic beginner information regarding writing original spells and workings. It does fall prey to the trap of just listing correspondences with little information at times, but also contains a great deal of detail about ritual timing, raising power, and other topics essential for the beginner.
Sorcerer’s Secrets, by Jason Miller. This is a decent volume that describes a lot of techniques you don’t usually see in books, such as gesture and gaze-based magick. Be warned that Miller writes extensively about manipulative techniques, but it’s useful theory regardless of how you put it into practice.
Witch’s Bag of Tricks, by Melanie Marquis. This is not recommended for beginners, because the whole point of this book is to help existing practitioners refine and improve their already-established techniques. It’s got some novel ideas in it, and I like the author’s approach to symbolism in spellcasting.
Spirit Conjuring for Witches, by Frater Barrabbas. Frater B. is a very learned and rather famous magician and witch. This book is mostly geared towards Wicca, but even if you’re not Wiccan, his techniques are innovative and interesting, many utterly unlike anything I’ve seen elsewhere.
Direct Magick (Energy Work)
The Un-Spell Book, by Mya Om. This non-denominational guide to working with magical forces is filled with useful exercises that go beyond the author’s previous work. I recommend reading this after readingEnergy Essentials.
Instant Magick, by Christopher Penczak. Excellent beginner’s guide for those who don’t have access to a lot of fancy tools or prefer to work without them. This book won’t instantly teach you magick, but it will help even a seasoned practitioner find quicker, less-complicated ways of achieving results.
Energy Essentials for Witches and Spellcasters, by Mya Om. Though I balk at the use of the term “energy” to describe magical forces, this book is worth a look. It’s a bit like a workbook, with various exercises. Expect a lot of pseudoscience, though, and there are many religious references, but the techniques are solid.
Hedgewitchery and Astral Travel
Ecstatic Witchcraft, by Gede Parma. This is actually probably my favorite book on this subject, even though hedgeriding is only a part of what the book discusses. The only bad thing I can really say about this book is that it’s really not recommended for beginners, and it’s helpful to have the basics of visualization already mastered (for example) before doing the exercises Parma recommends.
By Land, Sky and Sea, by Gede Parma. This book goes into even greater details regarding different ways of conceptualizing the cosmology of hedgeriding, and I find it a very refreshing book that appreciatively draws from a number of different perspectives while grounding itself, so to speak, with the overarching metaphor of land, sky, and sea as the three worlds.
The Temple of Shamanic Witchcraft, by Christopher Penczak. Penczak is usually a pretty mixed bag, and this book is no exception. It gives a lot of good practical information and a very in-depth exploration of the three worlds (a useful concept), but it’s primarily framed by Wicca, so it might not resonate with those of other faiths and particularly those who aren’t pagan at all.
Ascension Magick, by Christopher Penczak. There’s a chapter or two in this that address alternate ways of conceptualizing the architecture of reality, and it’s pretty helpful for a hedgerider. Beyond that, this book is mostly about ceremonial magick, but it’s a (mostly) good book. Certain parts (such as the bit about UFOs) are a little off, in my opinion.
The Shamanic Witch,by Gail Wood. This book is really best suited for someone who practices Wicca and, besides the background info and cosmological descriptions, is really only useful in the context of that tradition. If you’re Wiccan or willing to pick around a lot of Wiccan-talk, though, this is a good foundation.
Witches, Werewolves and Fairies, by Claude Lecouteux. It can be hard to find scholarly works on these phenomena that are affordable, but here’s one I personally enjoyed. It details many accounts of journeying experienced by both pagans and Christians in earlier times, and gives a good description of the concept of the astral double, the architecture of the soul, and other topics throughout history.
Betwixt and Between, by Storm Faerywolf. This book is mostly a guide to the Feri tradition of witchcraft, but while I myself don’t practice that, those who do seem to know a lot about hedgeriding! The book has several chapters on the subject and is highly recommended for this reason.
The Psychic Energy Codex, by Michelle Belanger. A lot of people have strong opinions about this author, but this is book actually provides a lot of good information about so-called “energy work” which can be a step in the right direction for those wanting to ride the hedge.
Psychic Dreamwalking, by Michelle Belanger. In this book, Belanger discusses, essentially, how to use your non-waking life as a vehicle to for journeying, and while I myself don’t usually dreamwalk, much of what she says applies to hedgeriding in other states, too.
Hedge Riderby Eric De Vries. Considered a classic on this subject, this book contains a lot of good information on making the jump across the Hedge, but with a lot of editorializing about “true witchcraft,” etc. A mixed bag, but still recommended.
To Fly by Night,edited by Veronica Cummer. This is an anthology about hedgecraft by many different authors. The essays vary in quality but there’s something for everyone, and the text doesn’t shy away from tough topics, either.
Magical Writing, Words, and Symbols
Dictionary of Ancient Magic Words and Spells, by Claude Lecouteux. Mostly a historical text, this book isn’t exactly practical or terribly useful. It is, nevertheless, incredibly interesting. It’s a bit difficult to navigate, but worth a glance.
Composing Magick, by Elizabeth Barrette. A very general, but well-done, look at writing in a magical context. Some of the ritual templates are slightly specific to religious witchcraft traditions, but most information is widely applicable.
Crafting Magick with Pen and Ink, by Susan Pesnecker. Focuses both on the physical act of writing as a magical act, and the mental state associated with it. Highly recommended
The Modern Witchcraft Grimoire, by Skye Alexander. This book is for those who want to create their own grimoire. It gives fairly good advice for doing so, as well as providing hints and tricks for spellcasting and useful correspondences.
General Concepts
Practical Astrology for Witches and Pagans, by Ivo Dominguez, Jr. This book, unlike most astrology texts, won’t tell you much about interpreting a chart – instead, it’s an entire book on timing your magick with the stars!
Planetary Magick, by Melita Denning and Osborne Phillips. If you want to work with the planets at all, particularly in a highly ritualized context, I recommend this book. It’s large, comprehensive and gives a good foundation beyond what you find in general astrology books.
Practical Planetary Magick, by Sorita d’Este and David Rankine. Shorter than I would have liked, but a useful reference to have on your shelf, with excellent tables and appendices in the back. The meditations are also quite useful.
Practical Elemental Magick, by Sorita d’Este and David Rankine. Should be read alongside the other book by this pair. Comprehensive guide to working with the elements in a ritualized fashion. Not as accessible to newbies as Lipp’s book, but good for seasoned practitioners.
The Way of Four, by Deborah Lipp. Though mostly geared towards Wiccans, I found this author’s in-depth treatment of the four elements highly fascinating. I will note that it’s probably best to get the print version of this book, as it contains exercises and quizzes.
A Handbook of Saxon Sorcery and Magic, by Alric Albertsson. I really enjoyed this little book, which focuses on older magical traditions common among the ancient Saxons. It is very much introductory, but worth a read for those new to those traditions.
Ingredients and Correspondences
The Herbal Alchemist’s Handbook, by Karen Harrison. I cannot praise this book enough for its concise and well-formulated approach to astrology, herbs, and magick as a whole.
The Weiser Concise Guide to Herbal Magick, by Judith Hawkins-Tillirson. This is excellent for anyone who’s interested in any kind of magick. Yes, the focus is generally herbs, but there’s a lot to be learned here about Kabbalah and other correspondence systems, as well.
Mixing Essential Oils for Magic, by Sandra Kynes. Fills a very difficult gap in published knowledge regarding the use of essential oils by discussing, in great detail, how scents interact with each other and how to create a formula that’s not only palatable, but evocative.
Dunwich’s Guide to Gemstone Sorcery, by Gerina Dunwich. Given the New Age fascination with all things shiny, it was quite a chore to sort through the myriad crystal books to find something with good information. While far from perfect and not exactly devoid of fluff, this book does give a level of detail about the lore surrounding gemstones not seen in many other texts.
Real Alchemy, by Robert Allen Bartlett. Excellent book, lots of history and detail. There’s a strong focus on tradition within the text, yet the author is quite accommodating of his audience and describes alternate methods that work better in a modern context.
Spagyrics, by Manfred M. Junius. With a highly-developed academic tone and attention to detail, this book is a meaty look at traditional alchemy. I recommend this more for intermediate practitioners due to the sheer density of information.
The Hearth Witch’s Compendium,by Anna Franklin. This book is essentially a recipe book for various home remedies and magical purposes. For the most part, it focuses on healing work, but there’s some great tips in there for making your own cleaning products and such, too. Highly recommended.
Magical Housekeeping, by Tess Whitehurst. This is worth reading if you keep your own house/apartment and are looking for practical magical techniques for cleanliness and inviting harmony into your spaces. It could be more detailed, but I enjoyed it.
A Kitchen Witch’s Cookbook, by Patricia Telesco. This is a recipe book. It is mainly geared towards Wiccans and those who celebrate the eight sabbats, but the dishes are tasty and sure to please anyone.
Spellbooks
The Goodly Spellbook, by Dixie Deerman and Steve Rasmussen. The title sounds horribly fluffy, but this is a hidden gem. It explains obscure concepts like alternative alphabets and potential uses of musical notes, as well as plant lore and other bits and pieces. Definitely worth checking out. It’s way more than just “a book of spells.”
Encyclopedia of 5,000 Spells, by Judika Illes. The title sounds trite to some, but it delivers. This book has spells from almost every culture and spiritual philosophy, as well as a very detailed formulary. I read it when I’m bored sometimes, too, just because I always learn some tidbit from it.
Book of Spells, by Nicola Pulford. In most editions, this book is absolutely gorgeous and describes spellcasting traditions from a variety of perspectives and traditions. Recommended for those who already understand the basics, as this book jumps straight into spellcasting and gives only a small amount of information about how things work.
Ceremonial Magick
Modern Magick, by Donald Michael Kraig. I received this as a gift several years ago. It is essentially a workbook meant to be completed slowly, step by step, and while the format will not appeal to everyone, it’s a good easy-to-read introduction to ceremonial magick.
Familiar Spirits, by Donald Tyson. Though geared towards ceremonialists, any practitioner can likely learn a thing or two from Tyson’s interesting stroll through the whys and wherefores of spirit work and thoughtform creation. This is by far the best book I’ve seen on the topic of familiar spirits.
Secrets of High Magick, by Francis Melville. The most recent edition of this (the one I own) is lavishly-illustrated and full of rudimentary, yet useful information. He stresses the basics of ceremonial practice, and his writing style is very accessible. Highly recommended for absolute beginners.
My Life With The Spirits, by Lon Milo DuQuette. This is a memoir of a ceremonial magician, but it gives a good look at the magickal mindset in a highly developed form from someone who’s experienced quite a lot. I havemajor issues with DuQuette’s approach to Qabalah, but his memoirs are worth a read.
Chaos Magick
Liber Null and Psychonaut, by Peter Carroll. Classic book of chaos magick. I consider it required reading for almost anyone interested in the occult. Even if you have no love for chaos magick, do give it a read, just to understand how influential Carroll is, and why.
Hands-On Chaos Magic, by Andrieh Vitimus. Knowing some of the people involved in the creation of this book, I’m a bit biased towards it. That said, even if I didn’t know them, I would still recommend it. It’s especially interesting to read alongside Liber Null and Psychonautin order to see how the chaos “current” has developed over the years.
Pop Culture Magic 2.0 by Taylor Ellwood. There aren’t a lot of books on using pop culture symbolism in magick, but this one is nearly perfect. The author writes in a highly erudite, literate fashion, while still being accessible to newbies. Many useful resources cited, as well, so prepare to branch off a bit while reading it.
History-Related
Triumph of the Moon, by Ronald Hutton. An inside no-holds-barred look at the history of Wicca and Modern paganism. Highly recommended. This is sort of the book that fluffbunnies don’t want you to read.
Book of Lies: The Disinformation Guide to Magick and the Occult, by Richard Metzger. Lots of facts and history of magick in the context of Postmodernity. This is different from the Crowley text of the same name, which I wouldn’t recommend unless you want to focus on his tradition.
The Place of Enchantment, by Alex Owen. This is a purely historical text that documents the occult revival within the context of Modernity. I remember it being very good, but please realize I haven’t really picked it up much since graduating, and it might just have served my mindset at the time.
Hubris is arrogance, feeling superior to the Theoi. It is translated as “overconfidence” or “pride”. In some myths hubris was punished like in the myth of Arachne.
Miasma/Being miasmic:
Miasma is a difficult concept to define, as it depends on the way each one defines it. It´s similar as making a definition of “love” because each person will tell you different things.
Miasma is translated as “pollution” and some of the Theoi find it really gross and maybe avoid it. I have to say that this is not the same as “sin” as this word is purely (I think, I don´t know too much about christianity, sorry) christian. It´s like when you were a kid and played in a really dirty place and then coming back home where your parents told you to take a bath before dinner.
Miasma is the distraction from the Theoi and being mortal, and we need to cleanse ourselves before praying or giving Them offerings.
This purification could be taking a bath and washing your teeth, cleaning the place where you are going to pray/give offerings/libations or it could be washing your face and hands before doing all that stuff. Take into consideration that some Deities don´t care too much about miasma and other care TOO MUCH about it and it all depends in the person too.
For example, Hades doesn´t care about me being miasmic as He deals with human mortality 24/7 (maybe He´s used to it) but with other Deities like Apollo I have to clean myself because it looks like He avoids it.
Sophia:
(One of my favorite concepts ^-^)
Sophia is the pursuit of knowledge, learning about things that we like. Staying curious about everything and trying to be more and more wise each day. Again, how to practise this concept depends on each person, for example, learning languages is a way of practising this, also questioning everything that happens in the world and trying to understand it.
Why is this important? Well apart from fulfilling a part of our life and achieving personal growth, I think it´s important to achieve Arete (I will explain this later)
Eusebia:
Eusebia is praying, giving offerings and pouring libations. It´s the relationship with the Gods and Goddesses.
Eusebia is being curious about a Deity and taking your time to research about that certain Deity.
Kharis:
Kharis is the relationship that the Theoi have with us. When you ask for something to the Theoi and then you give Them offerings in return, that´s kharis.
Xenia
Xenia is taking care of our hosts, it´s hospitality and having good manners with them and also being a good guest. This not only applies in your house or in other´s house, but also in a restaurant or in other place where there´s people. It´s known that the Theoi punished those who treat their host badly.
By the way, you don´t have to treat them well if they are a toxic person or someone who bullied you somehow.
Also, you don´t have to practise this concept just to only please the Theoi, but to be a decent human being.
Khernips
Khernips is lustral water that you use in formal rituals, and you just need a match, letting it extinguish in the water. Some people dedicate more time and add other things, but I personally use water and the match. (Please, be careful!!)
Libation
Libation is a liquid offering, can be water or wine or juice. Or you can pour water into a bowl as an offering. And, depending on who you ask, you can drink it or leave it there and respectfully clean the bowl.
I don´t drink the libations, I simply pour water in a plant pot after a prayer as it is discrete.
Arete
Using those other concepts like Sophia, Xenia, Eusebia and Kharis you can reach arete. It´s trying to reach your full potential, honouring the Theoi by doing so.